The Government of Indonesia launched its first NAP in March 2014. Its title is the “National Action Plans for the Protection and Empowerment of Women and Children during Social Conflicts in 2014-2019” (RAN P3A-KS) and it was passed as a decree, Presidential Decree (PerPres) No. 18 2014. The RAN P3A-KS main goal is to streamline the protection and empowerment of women and children during conflicts. However, there is no mention of UNSCR 1325 in the text and the government does not consider it to be a National Action Plan but a Presidential Decree. The development of the RAN P3A-KS was led by the Minister of People’s Welfare of the Republic of Indonesia, and civil society organizations were allowed to participate from the beginning. The Government of Indonesia has developed an inward-facing National Action Plan, aimed at serving as a guideline for the ministries/institutions and local governments to provide protection to and empowerment of women and children during conflicts through systematic, coordinated, planned and sustained with clear assignment corresponding with their respective authorities and functions as the bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the protection and empowerment of women and children during conflicts.
The Aceh conflict between the armed pro-independence movement GAM and the Indonesian government, which peaked in 1989 and concluded in a peace deal signed in 2005, killed between 10 to 30 thousand people, including many civilians. The human rights court and truth commission that was called for in the peace deal never materialised, and victims and families are still waiting for the truth, justice, and reparations for the mass human rights abuses that occurred during the conflict, including violence against women, including rape and sexual harassment, torture of villagers and civilians (men and women), kidnappings and killings (mostly of men) of suspected supporters of the independence movement. Additionally, Indonesia has previously had conflict with Timor-Leste and currently faces demands for independence from armed non-state actors.