Nepal adopted its first National Action Plan (NAP) in 2011 for the period 2011-2016. The NAP was developed by the Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction, through a participatory approach that included a number of government agencies, development partners, donor organizations, international non-governmental organizations, and civil society. The NAP is contextualized within a broader set of government policies and initiatives that seek to mainstream gender and implement the Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda in Nepal. The NAP identifies four overarching goals, aligned with the primary pillars of UNSCR 1325: participation; protection and prevention; promotion; relief and recovery; resource management; and monitoring and evaluation. Each pillar has corresponding objectives, actions, indicators, and a specific timeframe. Nevertheless, the NAP does not have an allocated budget.
Nepal reported on the implementation of its NAP, as well as WPS commitments, in its national reporting for Beijing+25 and in preparation for CSW64 (2020). Specifically, the country reported on progress areas and gaps (pp. 44-49).
The most recent armed conflict in Nepal’s history is the civil war, which took place from 1996 until 2006. The conflict resulted in thousands of casualties and enforced disappearances. Even though the conflict had distinct gendered impacts, including the systematic use of sexual violence as a weapon of war as well as the inclusion of women combatants, women were excluded from the peace process and were not among the negotiators or signatories of the peace agreement. In 2015, the country established a Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) and a Commission of Investigation on Enforced Disappeared Persons (CIEDP), with the goal to expedite legal action against perpetrators. Nevertheless, there has been a persistent lack of accountability, with ongoing impunity for perpetrators of human rights violations.