Kyrgyzstan has adopted two National Action Plans (NAP) to date, in 2013 and 2018 to be implemented for the period of 2013-2014 and 2018-2020, respectively. The following is a brief summary and analysis of the country’s second NAP.
Similar to Kyrgyzstan’s first NAP, the country’s second action plan consists solely of an implementation matrix and does not provide an overview of the NAP development process or how UNSCR 1325 implementation fits into the country’s historical and political context.
Kyrgyzstan gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Since then, the country has experienced political instability and ethnic tension as well as two major instances of civil unrest—the Tulip Revolution of 2005 and the Kyrgyz Revolution of 2010, which led to the ousting of the then presidents Askar Akayev and Kurmanbek Bakiyev, respectively. In 2010, the growing unrest resulted in an interethnic conflict between the majority Kyrgyz and minority Uzbeks, leaving over 400 casualties and hundreds of wounded. The conflict has had distinct gendered impacts, with women subjected to sexual violence, humiliation, and extortion as well as experiencing social stigma as survivors of sexual violence.
Kyrgyzstan joined the UN in 1992 and is a contributor to UN Peacekeeping Operations, with a total of 11 personnel serving as of September 2019. Kyrgyzstan is also a member of NATO’s Partnership for Peace Program. Kyrgyzstan has neither signed nor ratified the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), which regulates the flow of weapons across international borders.
Kyrgyzstan provided updates on the implementation of its NAP in its report for Beijing+25/CSW64. The Osh City administration designed an Action Plan for the localization of the NAP1325 and established a task force for its implementation (pg. 15). In 2019, the Forum of Women Parliamentarians of KR published a Roadmap on WPS (pg. 15).
“In November 2015, the Government approved the Action Plan on the Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on the Role of Women in Peacebuilding and Security for 2015-2017 (Government Order No. 560-p of 17 November 2015).” (pg. 59)
Quantitative analysis of NAP 1325 2016-2017 outcomes attests to positive implementation dynamics. Specifically, 74 percent of planned activities were completed by the end of the NAP 1325 cycle (i.e., 25 out of 34 activities). When the third NAP 1325 was initiated, completion progress under NAP 1325 2016-2017 was 94 percent. (pg. 60)
Following the 2nd NAP assessment, there were various factors identified that limited NAP implementation, including lack of financing, lack of state support, lack of awareness, weak coordination, lack of synchronization with other policies, and lack of alignment between indicators in the NAP and government work (pg. 60).
The third NAP 1325 was approved by Government Order No. 334-p of 21 September 2018. The third NAP has neither an indicator matrix, nor estimates or budgets due to its specific format that does not allow for implementation instruments. (pg. 61) However, a Roadmap on the implementation of NAP 1325 was developed and adopted by the Forum of Women Deputies based on consultations with local self-government bodies and activists from seven regions of Kyrgyzstan.