Kyrgyzstan adopted its most recent National Action Plan (NAP) in 2018 for the period 2018-2020. The NAP consists solely of an implementation matrix and does not provide an overview of the NAP development process or how the implementation of UNSCR 1325 fits into the country’s historical and political context. The NAP identifies three overarching objectives: strengthening the role and participation of women in activities aimed at preserving peace and security; strengthening the interaction between government, local governments and civil sciety in order to prevent conflicts and the risks of violence against women and girls, as well as measures to address the effects of crisis situations; and improving the system of protection and taking into account the special needs and requirements of women and girls in emergency situations. The NAP has an implementation matrix that breaks down each objective with corresponding tasks, measures/actions, indicators, responsible agency, terms of implementation, and form of implementation, but it does not have an allocated budget.
Kyrgyzstan’s second NAP is preceded by one other NAP, adopted in 2013 and implemented for the period 2013-2014. Both plans consist solely of an implementation matrix without contextualizing the WPS agenda. While the first NAP identifies five overarching goals towards the implementation of Resolution 1325, the content of those goals remain similar across the two NAPs, focusing heavily on the protection of women and girls as well as increasing women’s participation in security and defense sectors. While neither NAP has an allocated budget, the second NAP states that government bodies and individual entities will be funding the identified activities.
Kyrgyzstan reported on the implementation of its NAP in its national reporting for Beijing+25 and in preparation for CSW64 (2020). Specifically, the country provided the following updates:
- The Osh City administration designed an Action Plan for the localization of the NAP and established a task force for its implementation (pg. 15).
- In 2019, the Forum of Women Parliamentarians of KR published a Roadmap on WPS (pg. 15).
- In November 2015, the Government approved the Action Plan on the Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on the Role of Women in Peacebuilding and Security for 2015-2017 (Government Order No. 560-p of 17 November 2015).” (pg. 59)
- Quantitative analysis of NAP 1325 2016-2017 outcomes attests to positive implementation dynamics. Specifically, 74 percent of planned activities were completed by the end of the NAP 1325 cycle (i.e., 25 out of 34 activities). When the third NAP 1325 was initiated, completion progress under NAP 1325 2016-2017 was 94 percent. (pg. 60)
- Following the 2nd NAP assessment, there were various factors identified that limited NAP implementation, including lack of financing, lack of state support, lack of awareness, weak coordination, lack of synchronization with other policies, and lack of alignment between indicators in the NAP and government work (pg. 60).
- The third NAP 1325 was approved by Government Order No. 334-p of 21 September 2018. The third NAP has neither an indicator matrix, nor estimates or budgets due to its specific format that does not allow for implementation instruments. (pg. 61) However, a Roadmap on the implementation of NAP 1325 was developed and adopted by the Forum of Women Deputies based on consultations with local self-government bodies and activists from seven regions of Kyrgyzstan.
Kyrgyzstan gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Since then, the country has experienced political instability and ethnic tension as well as two major instances of civil unrest—the Tulip Revolution of 2005 and the Kyrgyz Revolution of 2010, which led to the ousting of the then presidents Askar Akayev and Kurmanbek Bakiyev, respectively. In 2010, the growing unrest resulted in an interethnic conflict between the majority Kyrgyz and minority Uzbeks, leaving over 400 casualties and hundreds of wounded. The conflict has had distinct gendered impacts, with women subjected to sexual violence, humiliation, and extortion as well as experiencing social stigma as survivors of sexual violence.